Jumping Spiders Use Image Defocusing For Depth Perception

A study out in today’s Science Magazine by Takashi Nagata, Mitsumasa Koyanagi, Hisao Tsukamoto, Shinjiro Saeki, Kunio Isono, Yoshinori Shichida, Fumio Tokunaga, Michiyo Kinoshita, Kentaro Arikawa and Akihisa Terakita proposes that jumping spiders at least, use image defocusing to provide depth perception.  Jumping spiders (Salticidae) are the largest family of spiders and have perhaps the best visual …

Notable Paper: Functional Activation of Glutamate Ionotropic Receptors in the Human Peripheral Retina

This paper by Clairton F. de Souza, Michael Kalloniatis, Philip J. Polkinghorne, Charles N.J. McGhee, Monica L. Acosta examines glutamate receptors and their functional activation in the human retina. Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate retina and those excitatory neurons in the retina rely on a host of receptors to detect glutamate and …

Notable Paper: Acute vision in the giant Cambrian predator Anomalocaris and the origin of compound eyes

Because knowing where we have come from with respect to the evolution of vision is so important, this paper by John R. Paterson, Diego C. García-Bellido, Michael S. Y. Lee, Glenn A. Brock, James B. Jago and Gregory D. Edgecombe gets our nod for a notable paper.  It does not hurt that I have a …

Keratoprosthesis

This image is from a patient has a keratoprosthesis or artificial cornea.  Photograph was made by James Gilman of the Moran Eye Center using a sclerotic scatter illumination with a Zeiss photo slitlamp and a Nikon D-1X camera.

Notable Paper: Acute destruction of the synaptic ribbon reveals a role for the ribbon in vesicle priming

This article by Josefin Snellman, Bhupesh Mehta, Norbert Babai, Theodore M Bartoletti, Wendy Akmentin, Adam Francis, Gary Matthews, Wallace Thoreson and David Zenisek examines the vesicular priming process at synaptic ribbons. Synaptic ribbons are specialized presynaptic structures at specialized neurons that encode graded information in an analog sense, rather than all or nothing conductions of information that …